Dr Chee Hui Bing with a stethoscope and law books

Medical negligence claims in Malaysia

You may have a medical negligence claim if a doctor, dentist or hospital fell below the standard of a reasonably competent practitioner and that failure caused you harm. Most claims must be filed within six years, so it helps to get your records and advice early. Our medico-legal practice is led by Dr Chee Hui Bing, who worked as a medical doctor at Hospital Batu Pahat and Putra Specialist Hospital before becoming a lawyer.

When something goes wrong in healthcare, you need someone who understands both medicine and the law.

What you need to prove

A medical negligence claim in Malaysia rests on four elements:

  • Duty of care owed by the doctor or hospital to you as a patient.
  • Breach of that duty, judged against a reasonably competent practitioner in the same field. Malaysian courts apply the Bolam test as qualified by Bolitho, and for advice about risks the Federal Court in Foo Fio Na v Dr Soo Fook Mun [2007] adopted the Rogers v Whitaker approach.
  • Causation: the breach caused or materially contributed to your injury.
  • Damage: physical, psychiatric or financial loss that the law recognises.

Claims we commonly see

  • Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis, including cancer, cardiac and obstetric cases
  • Surgical errors and post-operative complications
  • Birth injuries, such as shoulder dystocia and cerebral palsy
  • Medication errors
  • Failure to obtain informed consent, especially for elective and aesthetic procedures
  • Dental, aesthetic and cosmetic treatment
  • Nursing and hospital system failures

Key facts

Main time limit 6 years (Limitation Act 1953, s.6(1)(a)); special rules for children
Government hospitals Claims go through the Government Proceedings Act 1956; notice requirements apply
Evidence An independent medical expert report is almost always needed
Court Usually the High Court

What to do first

  1. Ask for your full medical records in writing. Patients are entitled to access them.
  2. Write a timeline: dates of visits, symptoms, tests, procedures and what you were told.
  3. Do not sign a release or waiver offered by a hospital before getting advice.
  4. Get advice early, so the time limit is protected and the right expert can be found.

How we help

We review your records and timeline, identify what went wrong and why it matters legally, brief suitable independent experts, write to the hospital or doctor, and, where needed, file and run the case in court. Because Dr Chee trained and worked as a doctor, we read clinical notes the way clinicians do. We also act for doctors and healthcare providers in medical disputes.

FAQ

How long do I have to sue for medical negligence in Malaysia?

Generally six years from when the cause of action arose, under the Limitation Act 1953. The "date of knowledge" rule in section 6A does not apply to personal-injury claims, so a hidden injury does not by itself extend the time. For children, time usually runs from age 18. Claims against government hospitals have extra notice requirements. Check your dates with a lawyer as soon as you can.

Can I sue both the doctor and the hospital?

Often, yes. Federal Court decisions such as Dr Kok Choong Seng v Soo Cheng Lin (2017) explain when a private hospital is responsible for doctors it arranges, even if they are independent contractors. Government doctors are usually sued together with the Government of Malaysia.

Do I need a medical expert?

Almost always. The court needs independent expert evidence from a doctor in the relevant specialty on standard of care and causation.

Is a signed consent form the end of the story?

No. Following Foo Fio Na, the question is whether you were properly warned of material risks. A generally worded form does not prove a specific risk was explained.

Your claim journey

How a medical negligence claim moves

Every move has a strategy

  1. Step 1

    Get your records

    We help you request your full medical records from the hospital or clinic.

  2. Step 2

    Independent expert review

    A suitable medical expert reviews the records on breach of duty and causation.

  3. Step 3

    Letter of demand

    We write to the doctor or hospital setting out the claim.

  4. Step 4

    Claim filed

    If the matter does not settle, we file the claim in court within the limitation period.

  5. Step 5

    Resolution

    The claim ends by settlement or judgment, and we explain the next steps.

See how we work

Medical negligence lawyers by location

Pages for each city where we handle medical negligence matters.

Tell us what happened. We will explain your options.

Speak to us in English, Bahasa Malaysia or 中文. Please do not send confidential documents until we confirm we can act for you.