{"id":1864,"date":"2026-09-20T00:35:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T16:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hbchee.com\/?p=1864"},"modified":"2026-09-20T10:01:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T02:01:44","slug":"facebook-name-and-shame-johor-bahru-doula-defamation-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hbchee.com\/zh\/2026\/09\/20\/facebook-name-and-shame-johor-bahru-doula-defamation-case\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u5b50\u4e66\u70b9\u540d\u631e\u4f10\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u65b0\u5c71\u966a\u4ea7\u5458\u8bfd\u8c24\u6848\u7684\u542f\u793a"},"content":{"rendered":"

A public warning about a named individual can spread across Facebook quickly, and the law treats that reach as a measure of the harm done. In 2020 the High Court in Johor Bahru ordered a specialist doctor to pay RM200,000 in damages and RM30,000 in costs to a doula over a series of Facebook posts published after a baby’s death, and to post a written apology on the same platform. The case is Masyitah bt Md Hassan v Sakinah bt Sulong<\/em>. One caution comes first: the defendant was reported to have filed an appeal, and the outcome of that appeal is not known to us.<\/p>\n

A tragedy, then three Facebook posts<\/h2>\n

On 4 February 2018 a baby died following a home water birth in Johor. The plaintiff worked as a doula, that is, a birth companion. The defendant, a specialist doctor, published Facebook posts on 7, 8 and 12 February 2018.<\/p>\n

The court found that the posts, read together, conveyed that the plaintiff had attended the birth as the doula, had been untruthful and was responsible for the death. According to accounts of the judgment, a derogatory hashtag aimed at the plaintiff was also used. Malay Mail reported that the posts drew more than 5,000 likes and that the plaintiff received hate messages and threats. The suit was filed on 10 August 2018, and the posts were deleted later that year.<\/p>\n

Three lines of defence<\/h2>\n

The defendant argued that the posts were not defamatory, and also relied on justification and fair comment. Justification, dealt with in section 8 of the Defamation Act 1957, requires the defendant to prove that the defamatory meaning of the words, known as the sting, is true. Fair comment, dealt with in section 9, protects honest opinion on a matter of public interest, but the opinion must rest on true facts.<\/p>\n

Findings and orders of the Johor Bahru High Court<\/h2>\n

Evrol Mariette Peters JC held that the posts were defamatory when read as a whole. Justification failed because the truth of the sting was not proved, and section 8 could not rescue the defence. Fair comment failed because the underlying facts had not been verified before posting. The court also drew an adverse inference, meaning an inference against a party who withholds evidence, from the fact that material witnesses were not called.<\/p>\n

The court awarded RM200,000 in damages and RM30,000 in costs. It also ordered a written apology to be posted on Facebook and granted an injunction against further statements linking the plaintiff to the death. According to Malay Mail and The Star, the apology was not posted by the deadline, and on 5 November 2020 the court granted the plaintiff leave to begin committal proceedings for contempt, which are governed by Order 52 of the Rules of Court 2012, with costs of RM5,000.<\/p>\n

Comments, shares, likes and online reviews<\/h2>\n

A viral post raises further questions. The law is firmer on some of them than on others.<\/p>\n

Comments under your post.<\/strong> In GS Realty Sdn Bhd v Lee Kong Seng<\/em> the High Court held a Facebook page owner liable for third-party comments that he knew of, engaged with and did not remove after notice.<\/p>\n

Sharing and reposting.<\/strong> In Raja Syahrir bin Abu Bakar & Anor v Manjeet Singh Dhillon and other appeals<\/em>, decided in 2019, the Court of Appeal held media organisations liable for republishing and adopting another person’s attack on a senior lawyer. That case concerned a newspaper and a television station, not social-media users, so it applies to sharing only by analogy. The commonly stated principle that each republication is a fresh publication points the same way.<\/p>\n

Likes.<\/strong> We are not aware of any Malaysian decision holding that a bare like amounts to publication.<\/p>\n

Online reviews.<\/strong> We could not verify any reported Malaysian decision specifically about a Google review or a patient’s review of a clinic or doctor. Ordinary principles apply. An honest opinion based on true facts about your own experience falls within fair comment. Invented facts, accusations of fraud and reviews written by people who were never customers are where the danger lies. By way of foreign comparison only, press reports in August 2026 said that a Singapore court awarded S$12,500 to a traditional Chinese medicine practitioner over two Google reviews and refused an injunction. That decision does not bind Malaysian courts.<\/p>\n

Practical takeaways before you post, share or review<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Professionals are not exempt. A warning to the public about a perceived danger must still be accurate about the individual it names.<\/li>\n
  • A series of posts is read together, and hashtags and nicknames form part of the words complained of.<\/li>\n
  • Deleting a post later may help on damages but does not erase liability.<\/li>\n
  • Likes, shares and comment counts go to how widely the post was published, and therefore to damages.<\/li>\n
  • A court may order an apology on the same platform and enforce it through committal proceedings.<\/li>\n
  • Business owners facing a hostile review should keep a screenshot of the review, the reviewer’s profile and the date, reply once and factually, and use the platform’s reporting tool. Customers should write about what happened to them, keep receipts and photographs, and avoid words such as scammer unless fraud can be proved.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Status: an appeal whose outcome we could not confirm<\/h2>\n

    The defendant was reported in November 2020 to have filed an appeal to the Court of Appeal. As at 19 September 2026 we have not been able to confirm the outcome. Nor do we know how the committal proceedings ended; leave to begin them is not a finding of contempt. This article is therefore an account of the High Court’s decision only, and readers should not assume that the findings or the sums awarded were left undisturbed.<\/p>\n

    Authorities and sources<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • Masyitah bt Md Hassan v Sakinah bt Sulong<\/em> (High Court, Johor Bahru, 2020)<\/li>\n
    • GS Realty Sdn Bhd v Lee Kong Seng<\/em> [2018] MLJU 1902 (High Court)<\/li>\n
    • Raja Syahrir bin Abu Bakar & Anor v Manjeet Singh Dhillon and other appeals<\/em> (Court of Appeal, 2019)<\/li>\n
    • Defamation Act 1957, sections 8 and 9; Rules of Court 2012, Order 52 (committal)<\/li>\n
    • Malay Mail, 5 November 2020; The Star, 6 November 2020; Berita Harian, November 2020<\/li>\n
    • Singapore press reports, August 2026 (foreign comparison only)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      This article is general legal information only and is current as at 19 September 2026. It is not legal advice and does not create a solicitor-client relationship. Court decisions may be appealed and the law may change; please seek advice on your own circumstances. \u2014 Chris & Partners, Advocates & Solicitors<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      A Johor Bahru High Court ruling in 2020 ordered RM200,000 in damages and a Facebook apology over posts naming a doula. We explain the decision, its unconfirmed appeal status, and what is settled about comments, shares, likes and reviews.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1949,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-defamation-suit"],"yoast_head":"\nName-and-shame on Facebook: lessons from the Johor Bahru doula case - Chris & Partners Advocates & Solicitors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Name-and-shame on Facebook: lessons from the Johor Bahru doula case - Chris & Partners Advocates & Solicitors\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A Johor Bahru High Court ruling in 2020 ordered RM200,000 in damages and a Facebook apology over posts naming a doula. 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